Health and Sanitation Publications
Groundwater Quality and its Health Impact: An assessment of Dental Fluorosis in Rural Inhabitants of the Main Ethiopian Rift
April 2012
Increased intake of dietary calcium may be key to addressing widespread dental health problems faced by millions of rural residents in Ethiopia’s remote, poverty-stricken Main Rift Valley, according to a new Duke University-led study published in the journal Environment International. As many as 8 million people living in the valley are estimated to be at risk of dental and skeletal fluorosis as a result of their long-term exposure to high levels of naturally occurring fluoride in the region’s groundwater. Most efforts to combat fluorosis in the region have focused primarily on treating drinking water to reduce its fluoride content. Increasing the amount of calcium in villagers’ diets, or finding alternative sources of drinking water may be necessary in addition to these fluoride-reducing treatments, the study found. Support came from the Duke Global Health Institute and Duke’s Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions.
A Silent Tsunami Revisited: Extending Global Access to Clean Water and Sanitation
August 2011 - by Harriet C. Babbit, Malcom S. Morris
A Review of U.S. Efforts in Water and Sanitation
June 2011 - by Cheryl Choge, Courtney Harrison, Peter McCornick, and Ryan Bartlett
Access to safe water and sanitation has expanded significantly around the world in recent years, in part because of efforts by the United States, which has been increasingly active in the water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) sector through engagement by the government, foundations, NGOs, faith-based organizations, academia and the private sector. The Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions at Duke University has assessed the momentum, funding and effectiveness of this engagement since 2005, when the Nicholas Institute and the Aspen Institute held a forum on WASH challenges. This report references recommendations from that forum and presents the results of recent structured interviews with over 45 stakeholders active in the WASH sector. These stakeholders provided invaluable insights on what has been achieved, what has changed, and what requires attention. Particular consideration was given to the efforts of the U.S. government (USG).
Better Health through Improvements in Water and Sanitation
September 2010 - by Cheryl Choge, Peter McCornick
While significant progress has been made towards addressing the challenge of providing basic water access, there are still nearly one billion people who lack convenient access to safe water, most of them in sub-Saharan Africa and South and East Asia. Furthermore, over two and a half billion people in the world lack access to adequate sanitation. This brief examines an integrated approach of water, sanitation, and hygiene which will maximize health impacts.
Water, Climate Change, and Adaptation
August 2009 - by Heather R. Hosterman, Peter G. McCornick, Elizabeth J. Kistin, Anju Pant, Bharat Sharma and Luna Bharati
Water, Climate Change, and Adaptation
August 2009 - by Heather R. Hosterman, Peter G. McCornick, Elizabeth J. Kistin, Anju Pant, Bharat Sharma and Luna Bharati
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