Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions

Nature-Based Solutions Case Study Search

This database contains over 400 implementations of nature-based solutions. Use the filters to identify the case studies most relevant to you.

While all cases here exemplify applications of NBS strategies, they were gathered from various sources and not all were written using the framing of nature-based solutions. To qualify as a nature-based solution, a project must provide benefits to both people and nature. In some instances, the human benefits are present but not emphasized in the case write ups; these cases were included because they still provide useful information to learn from.

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The Trinity River basin has been degraded by human activities for almost two hundred years, leading to a decline in available salmonid habitat and populations. The Trinity River Restoration Program (TRRP) was created in 2000 to restore salmon and steelhead populations. The project also aims to restore the river through flow management, streambank restoration, and riverbed improvement. 

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Ah Pah Creek is a fourth order stream with a 16.3 square mile watershed composed entirely of steep, forested land that was degraded by road and highway construction. Yoruk Tribal Fisheries Program (YTFP) and the California Conservation Corps (CCC) collaborated to address riparian restoration needs within the drainage, including extensive riparian conifer planting in its three major tributaries.

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After years of hard work by American Rivers and its project partners, the Bloede Dam in Maryland’s Patapsco River was successfully removed in 2018, restoring 52.5 miles of the river’s natural flow and more than 65 miles of native fish spawning habitat. Removing the dam also strengthened community resilience, improved public safety, and facilitated increased sediment transport to marshes and beaches along the Chesapeake Bay.

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Muskegon Lake’s shoreline and wetlands were severely degraded from industrial waste disposal, shoreline land use, and stormwater management. The Amoco Fish and Wildlife Habitat Restoration Project restored wetlands and wildlife habitat at a 9-hectare site. A constructed shoal system, the removal of a concrete wall, and a planted embankment restored wetland habitat. 

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The Yakima Basin Integrated Water Resource Management Plan is a 30-year, $3.8 billion plan that restores ecological integrity to the region and provides assurances for meeting agricultural water needs even in the face of ongoing climate change. The plan includes key elements to help protect, mitigate, and enhance fish and wildlife habitat and improve the reliability of the region’s water supply.

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In 2007 the Anacostia Watershed Society (AWS) initiated an experimental research project, called the 38th St. Bridge Project, on the rip-rap slope along the streambanks in order to demonstrate an alternative to the county's annual mowing-and-spraying of herbicide to control invasive species along the streambank.

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Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) populations are declining in Utah and other western states due to the degradation of their seasonal habitats from the encroachment of pinyon-juniper trees. This project evaluated the ecological viability of using "lop and scatter" methods to mechanically remove encroaching PJ trees to manage sage-grouse winter habitat at a study site in Ashley National Forest.

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Arden Park is along Minnehaha Creek, an impaired waterway that is a tributary to the Mississippi River. This park is in a highly developed suburb just south of Minneapolis (Edina). This project improved the park and restored a section of the creek, improving habitat, water quality, and recreation opportunities. 

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City of Arlington constructed a 21-acre stormwater wetland park to treat stormwater from Old Town Arlington, clean backwash water from the City’s water treatment plant, and reclaim water from the City’s Water Reclamation Facility before infiltrating or discharging into the Stillaguamish River.

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The Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) was established in June of 1984. The project aimed to restore the restore spring sources and outflow channels and associated riparian habitats that were previously degraded by agriculture, road-building, and water diversions, and now were dominated by invasive species. 

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Along the Morro Bay, the wetlands, intertidal mudflats, salt and freshwater marshes, eelgrass beds host some of the most productive natural habitats in the world. To protect the ecological significance of estuaries, stakeholders of the Morro Bay National Estuary Program in California worked with resources from the EPA's Climate Ready Estuaries program to identify their climate risks.

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This project, implemented by the NC Division of Water Quality and NC Division of Forest Resources, aimed to reduce nitrogen and mercury loading of downstream waters in the Albemarle/Palmico estuary system by restoring wetland hydrology and native bog vegetation to a 640-acre research area. Activities included installation of water-control structures and replanting 100,000 trees.

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The coastal marsh habitat in Blair Island, San Francisco was impaired by construction of salt ponds and dirt levees before its ecological value was recognized. The project aimed to restore the 1, 400 acres of diked marsh to tidal marsh primarily by breaching the perimeter levees to allow tidal action via surrounding slough channels.

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The first wildlife overpass was constructed by the Canadian government in Banff National Park in 1982 to reduce wildlife collisions. Till 2022, six overpasses and 38 underpasses have been constructed across Banff, reducing wildlife collisions by 80 percent. The project started with opposition and criticism from the public doubting whether animals would use the structure.

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In 2003, NOAA led a partnership that restored a 0.8-acre salt marsh in Bar Beach Lagoon, North Hempstead, New York, as part of a natural resource damage assessment (NRDA) settlement addressing natural resource injury damages due to release of contaminants into Hempstead Harbor. 

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Bird Track Springs is a 2-mile reach of the Upper Grande Ronde River in eastern Oregon that has been degraded and altered by human activity. The once multi-threaded, well-connected river and floodplain became a single-threaded river with little connectivity and degraded habitat. This project aims to reconnect the river to its floodplain, increase habitat complexity, and restore salmonid populations. 

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The Blue Hole Cienega Restoration Project aims to restore the Blue Hole Ciénega, one of the largest remaining ciénegas in the Southwest. Close to 95% of ciénegas have been lost or damaged due to farming, overgrazing, draining, channelization, and drying during development.

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The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)–Detroit District and several other partners used Great Lakes Restoration Initiative funding to reconnect 340 kilometers of the Boardman River to Grand Traverse Bay of Lake Michigan. This project involved three dam removals over six years, and improved riverine habitat for important species. 

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Warming temperatures threaten native species in the Madrean Sky Islands Archipelago as plants and animals cannot migrate to higher elevation under the steep slope and finite extents. Conservation organizations collaboratively document the climate vulnerability of mountain springs and facilitates restoration work to enhance habitats and protect biodiversity.

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An eelgrass restoration program implemented by the Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries aimed to mitigate assumed impacts to marine resources resulting from the HubLine gas pipeline construction which transits the Harbor. The restoration was intended to provide important shallow-water eelgrass habitat to juvenile crustaceans, shellfish, and finfish which commonly inhabit sea grass meadows.

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