In this article, researchers look at the potential of southern forests to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions by sequestering carbon. Striving to produce a more realistic assessment of the potential for these forests to sequester carbon in response to future markets or policies, researchers used National Woodland Owner Survey data from the Forest Inventory and Analysis program to link landowner demographic and behavioral data with forest conditions. The report also examines barriers to individual nonindustrial private forest participation in carbon offset programs and offers recommendations for overcoming those barriers.